Sunday, September 2, 2012

Helaman 15:1-6


Chapter 15

The Lord chastened the Nephites because he loved them—Converted Lamanites are firm and steadfast in the faith—The Lord will be merciful unto the Lamanites in the latter days. About 6 B.C.

1 AND now, my beloved brethren, behold, I declare unto you that except ye shall repent your houses shall be left unto you desolate. 2 Yea, except ye repent, your women shall have great cause to mourn in the day that they shall give suck; for ye shall attempt to flee and there shall be no place for refuge; yea, and wo unto them which are with child, for they shall be heavy and cannot flee; therefore, they shall be trodden down and shall be left to perish. 3 Yea, wo unto this people who are called the people of Nephi except they shall repent, when they shall see all these signs and wonders which shall be showed unto them; for behold, they have been a chosen people of the Lord; yea, the people of Nephi hath he loved, and also hath he chastened them; yea, in the days of their iniquities hath he chastened them because he loveth them.
Helaman 15:1 – 3 (Emphasis mine)

Samuel tells the Nephites that, unless they repent, things will be left desolate.  Unless they repent, there will be cause to mourn.  Women who are pregnant and cannot flee will perish. 

Only repentance can save the Nephites.  They will see signs and wonders because they are the chosen people of God.  He will chasten them because he loves them.

Solomon wrote: “[D]espise not the chastening of the LORD; neither be weary of his correction: For whom the LORD loveth he correcteth; even as a father the son in whom he delighteth “ (Proverbs 3:11 - 12).  The Lord revealed to Joseph Smith, “Verily, thus saith the Lord unto you whom I love, and whom I love I also chasten that their sins may be forgiven, for with the chastisement I prepare a way for their deliverance in all things out of temptation, and I have loved you—“ (D&C 95:1).

4 But behold my brethren, the Lamanites hath he hated because their deeds have been evil continually, and this because of the iniquity of the tradition of their fathers.  But behold, salvation hath come unto them through the preaching of the Nephites; and for this intent hath the Lord prolonged their days. 5 And I would that ye should behold that the more part of them are in the path of their duty, and they do walk circumspectly before God, and they do observe to keep his commandments and his statutes and his judgments according to the law of Moses.

6 Yea, I say unto you, that the more part of them are doing this, and they are striving with unwearied diligence that they may bring the remainder of their brethren to the knowledge of the truth; therefore there are many who do add to their numbers daily.
Helaman 15:4 – 6 (Emphasis mine)

After explaining the Lord loves the Nephites, Samuel goes on to say, “the Lamanites hath he hated because their deeds have been evil continually, and this because of the iniquity of the tradition of their fathers” (v. 4).  Alma2 explained to the people of Ammonihah,  “there are many promises which are extended to the Lamanites; for it is because of the traditions of their fathers that caused them to remain in their state of ignorance; therefore the Lord will be merciful unto them and prolong their existence in the land” (Alma 9:16).  The traditions of their fathers is responsible for their disbelief.

Yet, what does it mean when Samuel says He hates the Lamanites?  David Bokovay explains:

Scholars in recent decades have shown that in the biblical world the word love often represented a covenantal devotion to one's superior, while its opposite, namely hate, at times signified the status of an individual outside of this affiliation. While the connotation of these words for Westerners usually signifies an intense emotional charge, in the ancient Near East, love and hate often carried the aforementioned unique covenantal connotation.

"All their [the Ephraimites'] wickedness is in Gilgal: for there I hated them: for the wickedness of their doings I will drive them out of mine house" (Hosea 9:15). As demonstrated in this biblical passage, the Ephraimites' wickedness resulted in their loss of the blessing associated with having the God of Israel serve as their sovereign. The Lord hated the Ephraimites "for the wickedness of their doings" because in the context of ancient Near Eastern treaties these acts were tantamount to a political insurrection. As a result, the Ephraimites were removed from God's covenantal house or family. "I will love them no more," declared the Lord: "all their princes are revolters" (Hosea 9:15). Thus, the words love and hate in the biblical world often carried a deliberate connotation of political alliance (or lack thereof).

With this observation in mind, the problematic passage in Helaman 15 where Samuel the Lamanite describes God's love and hatred seems to convey a specific nuance derived from the world of antiquity.  When Samuel presents his inspired message to the people of Nephi, he declares, "They [the Nephites] have been a chosen people of the Lord; yea, the people of Nephi hath he loved" (v. 3). With these words, Samuel attempts to remind the Nephites that they have traditionally served as God's covenant people. In this relationship, the Lord has acted as the Nephite suzerain from whom the people of Nephi have received reciprocal "love." In contrast, Samuel presents his own people, the Lamanites, as those whom God "hath hated because their deeds have been evil continually" (v. 4). Significantly, Samuel uses the verb hate in the same context in which it appears in the book of Hosea. God hated the Lamanites in a parallel manner to the way he hated the Ephraimites: their evil acts had placed them outside the boundary of his covenantal relationship.[1]

Samuel reminds them that the Lamanites are the righteous people.  “[T]hey do walk circumspectly before God, and they do observe to keep his commandments and his statutes and his judgments according to the law of Moses” (v. 5).  Not only are they living righteous lives, they are continuing to preach the gospel.  The result is “there are many who do add to their numbers daily” (v. 6).


[1] Love vs. Hate: An Analysis of Helaman 15:1-4, David E. Bokovoy, Provo, Utah: Maxwell Institute, accessed September 2, 2012.

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